Reversing mechanism for engines.



No; 815,732. v -4 Y ,YPATBNTED MAR. 20, 1906 Y 11.11. PARK ja c. nLucKB.

REVEBSING MBQHANISM FOR ENGINES. APPLIQATIQN FILED DEO. 9,1904.

M7 Jmyzfmvf the following is a specification. f

IKO

for reversing the motion of the engine. l

. fluid quite satisfactory for this purpose.

4` a detail in per p and certain adj acent means.

' the subject of our-invention may be employed A successfullyl and advantageously 1n connec- .the reversing'gmeans illustrated, for one of a ,fin ythe fo 3.o'

Like characters refer to like parts throughlim'rranf sTA'rEs 1 RAirENT OFFICE.

CHARLES n ,LUcKiior NEW REVERSING. MfEfolr- ITN'IQsi-iil Fon ENGINES.

To all 107mm it m/cty @0H/cern I Be/it known that we, HARRY L PARR, re siding at `Yonkers, in the'county of 4Vest chester, and CHARLES E.' LUcKE, residing in the cityl and county ofNew York, State of New York, citizens ofthe United States, have invented new and'useful' Improvements 'in 1eversing Mechanism for Engines, of which Ihis .inventionv relates to reversing mech-i anism for engines, the obj ectof the invention'y beingfto provide a simple and effective means While We do not llimit our invention t'o the operation of the engine by any particular substance or agent,- 'We iind a hydrocarbon In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification we havel selected for\convenience of indicating the advantages of ourinvention a two-cycle explosive-engine, whichweewilescribe in conjunction with the reversing means represented as 'embodied therein. It should be under-stood that the invention, however, is not limitedto radically different form can be adopted Withinthe scope, of c\ourse, of our claims succeedlowing description. A U n the description We will emplo certain terms; but it4 should be understood t at these are use in their broad or Igeneric senses.'

z Refe ring to said drawings, Figure l is -atwo-cy le explosive-'engine embodying re- Figs. Sand 4 Fig. 2 anda cooperating foot or base hereinafter more parti larly described. Fig. 5 is ""ective' of hsaid base or foot Fig. `6 isa detail sectional view hereinafter more ,particularly described.

out the dilferent views. A

I t will' be nderstood from ourI initial statements that t e reversing meansl constituting tion with different types of engines.l `The engine represented is o'f the two-cycle explosive type, it. having a cylinder, as 2, which, as'will .hereinafter appear, is of novel construction,

Specificatiiin of Letters Patent. l Anpiimion ned ijicember 9. 1904. serai No. 236,145.

' two 'chambers'.

Patentedgmareh 2o, i906. A

md a piston, as, 3. The iston-rod` is deted by 4 and is connecte with the cranks aft 5, to the.` outer end of which is fastened in some suitable way the/fly-wheel 6. The

cylinder in practice will be provided withthe vusual inlet and 'exhaust orts, valve, and

arking or equivalent mec) an'ism associated s tlierewith. We/do not deem it necessary to show thesefeatures, however, for they form no part of .the invention' and may be of the ordinary," kind" as tov construction and inode ofloperatiogn. 'Ehe fly-Wheel, as will be hereinafter described, isfnot in the present instance of the ordinary construct/ion, no r is the cylinder 2, In' thepresent case we divide the cylinder 2 into'two chambers, as Tand 8, the chamber `7 constituting. a main one and having a Working space for the piston and the chamber 8 ,an auxiliary chamber, the two chambers being divided or separated bya wall, as 9,l constituting` the inner 'boundaryV of saidl `working space and in which formed a pas- 'sage to receive the valve 10, the ypassage in question and the port through the valve b ei'ng of suiiicient area to prevent throttling of the' expansive iiuid during its flow into and from the auxiliary or compression' chamber 8 during or a' 1er compression. In the organization shown the -valved passage is the sole means of communication -between the Normally the valve 10, which vis of the .rocking type., will be open-4 that is, its port willl register with the two chambers 7 and 8. When the valve is closed,

its port will be transverse to said passage, so

as to shut oifjcommunication 'betweensaid chambers. During f the normal operation, however, or when'the engine is running the yvalve will beopen, so that the two chambers 7 and Scan present collectively'a chargelreceiving space into which the necessary charge to secure the propulsion of the piston is drawn by the latter to be compressed on the 'inner stroke of the piston in the chamber 8 and subsequently fired to operate the piston.

The operation of the reversing mechanism wiil, itis believed., be obvious. As has been liereinbefore stated, the valve 10 is normally open, "so that' the two chambers 7 and 8 presentjcollectively a charge-receiving space into which a charge of hydrocarbon vapor is drawn to be compressed inthe chamber S and then firedlor exploded'. Itwill be/,as-

IOO

umed' @ha the piston is nearlya a lewr'f 'dead-center,l the -valvel() 'at this' time being open and `both chambers -7 and8 containing" 'luid which vhad been drawn thereinto]y on tlie .outstroke ofthe iston. Should Ithe?valvel be closed, when t e lpiston reaches lits 'lower dead-centerto shut oifcommunication btween. the two chambersY it will bea vparent `that'the pistonasit crosses-'saiddea -eeiiter' and starts on. lits inwardl movementlcan travel but la short distanceor until-'its'. further vbei" 7 or working space ofthe cylinder. soon at this resistance is eiicou'nte'red'b'ythe mal conditions.

advance is 'resisted by the highly-compressed fluid within the' inner end `of the main chaininwardly-moving'piston the latter, owingto the fact' that its inertia is not suillicie'i'it` to.` overcome the increased pressure or resistancedue to a reduction in the effective area of the- 'charge receiving space,l of the cylinder, is caused to -take a liackwardmr.rebounding movement. In other words, it travels't'out ward, the result being .that the-engine is reversed. During the said backward move- On the stem of the valve is shown as fas- 1 tened a bevel-gear 11, meshing with a similar bevel-gear 12, through-,which the rod 13l passes, there being a splined or equivalent non-rotativec'onnection of some 'suitable kind between'the rod and gear' 12. The rod extendsl freely through perforations in the brackets 14, constituting in the present case a partofvthe framin of the engine, the lower `ibracket, as will hereinafter'appear, coperati'ng with the ,base or foot 15, fastened to the .lower end of saidrod. Around the 'rod above the lower bracket is a spring 16, which.

is in the nature of a combined torsional and each other, `and for this purpose it is repre-l push spring, its ends beingiix'edly connected in somejdesirable way with said lower bracketand with thefshould-er 17 on the rod above said lower bracket. -The rear end or heel of the\base. or foot 15 has onI its upper'side a rai's'ed ortiori .148,- shown of bevellform, adapte to normally fit a correspondinglysha ed recess or notch in the under side of sai lower bracket, the relation mentioned being maintained by the spring 16.

'The fly-wheel 6 coperates with the base or foot 15 to cause the automatic action of the valve to either put the chambers 7 and,

8 into communication or cut them off from sented as having in' its periphery a recess or cut-out portion of rectangular forni, what might be considered the end walls thereof being adapted to alternately engage the toe cisnes When the piston is 'at its lower dea -center thev recess or cut-'away portion 19 will be directly. opposite 'thejtoe or outwardly-preceting endoftliebase-or foot 115. Norma y of course the said base or foot is above the pe ,iiphery'or riin of the fly-wheel. When, however, itis 'desired to reverse the engine ,the rod 13 is thrust'downward hand, and any suitf able means may be provided for this pur ose, vsofthatfwhen 'the piston is in its lowei` ead-J lcenterthe .toe ,of the base or foot 15 can be .entered lin the recess 19. The downward "thrustin of the rod carries the raised Ortion 18 out o the notchin the lower brac et 14y whereby on the movement of the ily-Wheel whatwould be the lower wall of the slot or recess' 19 will strike vthe toe of the base or foot and lwill turn tli'esame, and consequently the rod 13'., This will ofcourse move the raised ,portion '18 out of lcoincidence with thenotch of the bracket 14,. s`o that the apex-of the side of the said lower bracket to prevent the rod frombein thrust-(upward by the spring 16` When the ro was turned by the wall mentioned ofthe 'slot' or recess 19 strikingl lthe toe of the foot 1-5,l ,the bevel-gears 12 and I1 were operated in order to effect tlie closin of the valve- 10 to throw the chambers 7 an Sout of communication. When the rod was upstroke of the piston after the dead-ceninto-the notch or seat 1t normally occupies in .the under side of the lower bracket 14. The rod 13, which mightbe conveniently termed a valve-actuatin member,can be actuated in a direction to c ose and open the valve in successionby means other than those herein; before described.

From the foregoing description. it will be evident that our engine'involves a cylinder having .a charge-receiving s ace, a piston arranged to draw a charge o expansible fluid into Said space, and means' operable at the will of an attendant for decreasing the effective area of the said charge-receiving space, by virtue ofl which when the said pistoii'in oil'ered to the movement of the piston travel-l ter position is passed the recess- 19 will be.

raised portion will-be againstthe under flat eturned, the spring 16 was tensioned. On the IOO versal of. the motion of the iston inthe `manbacks off or rebounds the fly-wheel will correopened and the raised portion 18 to be thrust I the present case reaches a certain point on ,4 its inward stroke the 'increased pressure stoo that the chargewhencompresseddur.

^ boundary o? the workin charge-receiving' space, a resistance,- greater than maticallyy returned to lnormal relation when arranged to operate in -said cylinder,- t e latter having a char e f when reversal takes Vthe eiective, ,area of the charge'.- receivin Y in' the said spa-ce intoseparated bodies, `o

-effective volume of the charg'efreceiving spacey to its original relation.

ton, and means to secure a resistance by only one ofthemzto the stroke,

. celving then under inertia 'willfcause the to takea backward stroke. We hav4 cated that We .may secure the reductio space of the cylinder bydividing the char ey one of which opposes the inward motion ,di the piston. In other words, we divide .the

charge.,

lWe .have s tated' hereinbefore that the chambers. 7 and `8 .present collectively a char e-receiving's'pace. .Itfsho'uld be underwall 9, .or .practically"so, which,

as heretofore bee ointed out, constitutes the inner space of the piston. Having' thus 'describe our invention, what we claim, and desire to 'secure byLetters Pat-g ent,i s -@^f. v '.1. Anengine'having a cyhnder, a piston 'arranged'to operate in said cylinder, the lat'- ter having a" chargeel receiving' space, and means operable at the willof anv attendant for decreasingthe effective area .of said thereby interposing the normal one, to the piston when the latter reaches a prede'- termined point onits inward stroke, for causing a reversa'l of the motion of the piston',` said means beingconstructed to' beauto' reversal takes place thereby for restoring the 2. An engine having a cylinder, a i'stcn -receiving s ace, in to vargeis drawn y the pls#y whif'h the normal c of.motive substance' `in the; chargefreceiving space linto a plurality of 'Separated bodies, to

full inward stroke of thepiston wheny the same reaches a predetermined point on said saidmeans being constructed to be automatically returned to normal relation (place thereby permit-- ting the said separate bodies .to commingle.

. 3. -An engine including a cylinder having va plurality of chambers, a passage'connecting said chambers' and constituting the sole means of communication between the same, a pis- -tonl arranged'to draw a charge of 'compressible fluid into said space and to compress the same inone of said chambers, a'valve in said passage, adapted, when open, to put the, `chambers into communicatiomto causethem'` t'o present 'collectively-a normal chargerapace and mechanism 1.ranged to cause the'fci'osing of the valve after the, pis- .ble and inte cham :a plurality' divide the normal charge piston arranged toLdraw/a ch ton has 4crossed the dead-centery on the outstroke thereof to reverse the piston and for subsequently and automatically opening said l twoch'ambers into commimication.`

4:.An engine lncludmga cylinder- 11W-17mg .i plurality ochfambers. .a passageconnec'tin'g- .constituting the vsoie me ans said chambers and 'of communicatie .ton arrangedIl to present ceiving spacel an ine'c Aottima engine 0f the valve to put the two v'Lcl'nimbers I outv of communication aaiter4 thel piston has crossed the d ead-center on the valve when reversalftakes place to put vthie.

spaceand to' comnrcssthe same inoneofsaid -hamberaa valvein Said passae, adapted, whe1r open, to put 'the t ers into communi ationfto cause them. nermal chargera-A v anism arranged toroperation by a in ble part "for causing the elo i outstroke thereof.- -toreverse said/piston'andf for ySubscquently automatically openingsaid place to "put the valve after reversal, takes two chambersinfcomnrunication f 5; Y An engine including'acylinder having of chambers, a passa e connecting 'sald chambers and Vconstituting-51e sole means.

of'communi'cation .between the same, a pis- L tonarranged to draw a charge of expansibie fluid into said space and to compress the passa cham ersinto communication, to cause them .to present collectively a normal.charge-re ceiving space, avalve-actuating rod havin a samein oneof said chambers, a valve in said e, adapted," when open, to put.' the turning\movement to open andclo'se* t.`ef A valve, and means arranged to operateagainst thesaid'rod after the piston has `crossed the outer dead-centerto 'c ose the valve andsecure a' reversal in motion of the piston'andv valve on t e reversal of motion ofthe piston.

6. An engine including a cylinder,fhaving for'subs'e uently automaticallyopening the a plurality. of communicating chambers presenting together a charge-receiving space, a

arge of expansie le iluid into said space and to compressthe.

same in one of-said chambers, va-valve between the chambers, a rod mounted for endi-` 4wise and turning movement and operatively connected withthe valve and serving, .when

turned, either to .open or close `the valve, a l

combined push and torsional 'spring acting against the'rod, a'base-,piece connected with f the rod, having a raised portion and a toe, the framing of vthe machine having a-recess to normally receive said raised portion, and a ily-wheel 'c onnectedwith the piston and provided with a notch to receive the toe.

7. A cylinder and its iston, the cylinder havinga workingV space or the pieton, and a Vchamber in communication with said working space, and into which a body of gaseous fluid is compressed by the piston, a valve onerable at the will of an attendant for shutting off communication between said chamber and the working space, whereby when the piston moves finwar -it will be caused to be reversed at j a" predetermined point, and automatic mechanism for actuating the valve after the frversal of the 'pistonto put saidfchamber and Workingspacev into communication. I15g-cylinder and its iston, 'the cylinder having a working space orthe piston, and a chamber in communication'with said lWorking space. and into which a body of gaseous v-.luidis compressed by the iston', a .valve normally open to permit the c arging, by the lpiston into the chamber and the Working" space, oia' normal charge,.said valve being operable at the will of an attendant for shutting offcommunication between the chamber l ."of the piston during its inward stroke, and au- 'l tomatically-operative means for causing the :and the Working s pace gto cause the reversal opening movement of the valve on the rever- 'sal of thel piston, to put the' chamber and working space into communication and permit the gaseous fluid in the former to pass vinto thelatter.

v9.` A cylinder having a Working spacel and a clearance-space communicating with said working space, a piston to traverse the working 'spacci and to compress a predetermined charge inthecle'arance-space, a valve controlling communication beween the working our hands in presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

i HARRY L. PARR..

y ,Y CHARLES E. LUCKE.

.. Witnesses:

i HOWARD -I. MORRIS,

CLIFFORD T. SWART.

-space and the clearance-space,` and'me'chan- 

